Sunday, January 4, 2026

SERENDIPITOME

 SERENDIPITOME

The Serendipitome is a concept.

Serendipitome - is the total attributes and constitutive components making up the phenomenon known otherwise as serendipity.

Serendipity is the unforeseen encounter of a joyful, fortunate, or prosperous happenstance.

Serendipitome is the total elements and circumstances in a person’s milieu that bring about serendipitous encounters.

The serendipitome framework consists of a mind-set and skills set.

A high state of consciousness is required within the Serendipitome milieu. It’s a mental state of constant positive expectations.

Every apparent delay is considered a step stone forward.

The serendipity mindset holds that serendipity encounters are revealed during any person’s regular life as routine phenomena. It is the mind that expects serendipity encounters and perceives serendipitous opportune happenstances.

When a high mental state of serendipity expectations prevails, serendipitous encounters are perceived.

The required serendipity skill set consists of three components.
First is Sociability.  This is the penchant for meeting and working with other people.  The more people one meets and works with, the higher are the probabilities for random serendipity encounters.

Second skill is Adventurism.  The passion to Explore, meet unknown environments and continents that bring about more different breaks presenting unexpected prosperous happenings.

Third skill, Sagacity, is the cognitive talent to perceive the scattered dots in our life and mentally connect them to a meaningful flourishing experience.


Deep Dive into the Serendipitome: The Framework for Cultivating Fortunate Happenstances

Core Definition and Etymology.

The Serendipitome represents the holistic ecosystem of attributes, circumstances, and other constitutive elements that collectively generate the phenomenon known as serendipity.  Coined as a portmanteau of "serendipity" and "-ome" (from genome or biome, denoting a complete system or totality), it encapsulates all internal and external factors in an individual's life that orchestrate unforeseen, joyful, prosperous or other advantageous encounters.

Serendipity itself is derived from Horace Walpole's 1754 reference to the Persian fairy tale The Three Princes of Serendip (where protagonists make accidental discoveries through sagacity). It is traditionally defined as "the occurrence of events by chance in a happy or beneficial way."

The Serendipitome elevates this from mere “luck” to a structured, cultivable domain—not random chaos, but a dynamic interplay of mindset, skills, environment, and consciousness that amplifies the frequency and impact of such events.

In essence:

  • Serendipity = The event (the fortunate happenstance).
  • Serendipitome = The system (the milieu, mindset, and mechanisms that make the event probable and perceptible).

The Serendipitome Framework = Mindset + Skill-Set + Enabling Milieu.

The Serendipitome is not passive concept.  It is an active framework requiring deliberate cultivation. It operates on two pillars—a mindset and a skill-set—embedded within the broader environmental milieu.

A heightened state of consciousness underpins both, transforming ordinary life into a fertile ground for serendipitous yields.

Consider the story of Aristotle Onassis (1906-1975). He was a maritime freight and tankers shipping tycoon. At one time he owned a fleet of seventy ocean vessels.  All accomplished in 69 years.

Onassis youth started as a Christian Greek refugee who escaped with his parents the persecution by Moslem Turks in Smyrna. The family immigrated to Argentina on refugee passports. There Onassis went to school and eventually succeeded in business. He bought used ships. After World War II he observed the ruined shipyard in Hamburg Germany. He took on himself to rebuild the shipyard. That was a sagacious observation and undertaking. In the process he built his own fleet.  By 1956 he owned a remarkable fleet of oil tankers.

Then in 1956/57 the Suez Canal was blocked by the Egyptian government and with that oil supplies from the Mideast to Europe and America came to a halt. Someone’s war is another one’s serendipitous opportunity. Onassis had his fleet of tankers ready to transport the oil (energy), around the Cape of Good Hope.  Onassis amassed millions on a daily basis until the Suez Canal was reopened.

In 1953 Onassis started to buy real estate in the principality of Monaco. He noticed that the principality is desolate and has the potential to be attractive to the nobility and the wealthy crowd of Europe and America. A tax haven is always attractive as are casinos. A sagacious judgment.  He was initially welcomed by Monaco's ruler, Prince Rainier III as the tiny country required investment. Now Onassis became both rich and famous. In the course of events, a Hollywood star – Grace Kelley - married the Prince of Monaco and became a Royal Highness Princess. Business was even better. 

Then Sir Winston Churchill, Britain’s famed politician, frequently sought the company of Onassis.

Next, Onassis acquired or rather rescued financially and operationally the Greek national Olympic Airlines. He became the proud owner of the airline.

Serendipity loves social company.  While doing big business he attracted the era classiest opera soprano diva – Maria Callas. It was a mutually rewarding relationship.

Now Onassis had the imprimatur of Sir Winston, the British statesman suggested to him to meet a young US senator from New York – John F. Kennedy and his lovely wife – Jacqueline. That was a historical far-sighted social investment of his treasured time. As serendipity would have it Jacqueline became available due to tragic circumstances, a few years later. Now Onassis was married to a former First Lady of the U.S., and had a “Kennedy” cachet. 

Onassis passed at age 69 from complications of myasthenia gravis. The Boeing 727 which transported Onassis's remains to his private island was later purchased for US$100,000 by an American electrical engineer and turned into an unconventional private residence in Hillsboro, Oregon. Notoriety tags its price.

 

1.    The Serendipitous Mindset: Expectation as a Perceptual Lens.

At the core is a state of constant positive expectation, akin to a psychological attraction field that draws in and magnifies opportunities.

This is not naive optimism.  It requires a  prepared mind (as Louis Pasteur noted: "Chance favors the prepared mind").

  • Key Principles:
    • Routine Phenomenon: Serendipity is reframed as commonplace occurances, not exceptional. The mindset assumes that "random happy accidents" unfold daily in the flow of any person’s regular life—delays, detours, or disruptions are reinterpreted as stepping stones to greater outcomes.
    • Perceptual Filtering: The human brain's reticular activating system (RAS) plays a role here.  Expectation primes us to notice what aligns with our goals. Without this, many potential serendipitous events keep occuring but go unrecognized (e.g., overlooking a chance conversation that could lead to a career breakthrough).
    • Resilience to Apparent Setbacks: Every "delay" is a setup. A canceled flight might lead to a pivotal meeting in the airport lounge; a rejected idea sparks a superior iteration, a rejected manuscript becomes a global best-seller, (Chicken Soup For the Soul…).

Expansion: The serendipity mindset echoes concepts in positive psychology (e.g., Martin Seligman's learned optimism) and quantum-inspired philosophies (e.g., the observer effect in perception). In practice, it involves daily rituals: journaling "expected serendipities," visualizing open-ended outcomes, or adopting mantras like "What hidden gift is this obstacle concealing?"

2. The Serendipitous Skillset: Three Interlocking Competencies of Skills transform the serendipity mindset into action, increasing the probability surface for encounters. These three are trainable aptitudes, not innate traits.

SOCIABILITY (The Social Network Expander):
The propensity to initiate, nurture, and collaborate with diverse people. Probability theory underpins this: the more nodes in your social graph, the higher the odds of
combinatorial sparks.

    • Mechanics: Weak ties (acquaintances) are goldmines as per Mark Granovetter's "strength of weak ties" theory: “It’s not what you know, but who you know.”— they are our bridges to disparate worlds.
    • Practices: Attending unrelated events, using "connector questions" (e.g., "Who else should I know?"), maintain a diverse people contact ecosystem (online/offline, cross-industry) - a functional network of various partners, customers, and stakeholders who collaborate to maximize mutual benefit for success; as per Keith Ferrazzi - “Never Eat Alone”.  
    • Impact: A single chat on a cup of coffee might yield a co-founder an investor, or idea that alters business trajectories.

ADVENTURISM (The Exploration Engine):
A deliberate embrace of novelty, uncertainty, and the unknown. This counters natural entropy by injecting variability into routines.

 

Before we go any further let’s consider the life story of Charles Darwin.  Darwin is known as the thinker and author who created the Theory of Evolution. He is recognized as one of the most influential persons in our world today.  Actually he is ranked as number 16 on the list known as The 100 Influentuals.  He got there as a result of his adventurous life in his younger years and his sagacity as a thinker who connected the dots in his later years.
On December 1831 (age 22), he sailed on board the HMS Beagle that sailed around the globe for almost five years. During this period he collected natural specimens of flora, fauna and inanimate geological samples from around the globe.  He collected over 5,000 samples which he brought with him back home on October 2, 1836.  Upon his return he was 27 years old. He settled with his family and examined his many samples and contemplated. The items he brought back from his adventurous journey were at the beginning just “dots”. Gradually Darwin connected these “dots” into a meaningful pattern; now familiar to us as the
Theory of Evolution.   Darwin had the intellectual powers and sagacity to construct the framework of evolution, origin of species and descent of man. Darwin was not looking for fame or fortune. Those two found Darwin.  Charles Darwin was born into a wealthy family and fame pursued him – one of the most influential scientists that ever lived.

Let’s now move to the third skill of Sagacity and pattern recognition.

PATTERN CONNECTION (The Synthesis Forge):
Sagacity is a cognitive faculty to detect disparate "dots" (fragments of information, people, different ideas) and forge them into coherent, value-creating entities. This is
bisociation, (Arthur Koestler's term for linking unrelated matrices).

    • Mechanics: Pattern recognition involves divergent thinking, analogy-making, and mental model flexibility. Tools used, like mind mapping,  or the "connective inquiry" method (asking "How might this relate to X?").
    • Practices: Cultivating via meditation new insight (e.g., mindfulness to quiet noise), diverse reading (cross-pollinate fields), or "dot-collecting" journals.
    • Impact: Steve Jobs connected calligraphy with computing aesthetics, birthing Apple's typography edge.

Interplay of Skills: These skills form a virtuous cycle — sociability exposes dots => adventurism scatters them variably => pattern connection integrates them. Deficiencies in one diminish the whole (e.g., high sociability without connection yields superficial chats).

The ENABLING MILIEU: External Circumstances and Environment.

Beyond internal factors, the Serendipitome includes the individual person's total ecosystem—physical, social, cultural, and temporal contexts that amplify encounters.

  • Components:
    • Physical Spaces: "Third places" (- cafes, co-working hubs, civic clubs conferences) designed for collisions (e.g., Pixar's central atrium forces cross-department mingling).
    • Digital Ecosystems: Algorithms on platforms like LinkedIn or X can serendipitously surface connections; curated feeds balance echo chambers with novelty.
    • Temporal Windows: Life stages (e.g., post-graduation flux) or crises (pivots) heighten receptivity.
    • Cultural Norms: Societies that value openness versus rigidity (e.g., Silicon Valley's "fail fast" ethos).

Expansion: Modern tools enhance this—AI recommendation systems as "serendipity engines" (e.g., Spotify's Discover Weekly), or urban design principles (Jane Jacobs' "sidewalk ballet" for organic interactions).  When at the airport (frequently as I do), you meet more strangers than you can handle; watch the colorful  flow of the passengers at the terminal concourse.

Higher Consciousness: The Overarching State.

A "higher state of consciousness" integrates the framework—mindful presence, ego dissolution, and flow states (per Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi). This transcends ego-driven striving, allowing intuitive perception of synchronicities (Jung's term for meaningful coincidences).  Higher consciousness in this case is a "constant positive expectation" where every apparent delay or setback is reframed as a "steppingstone forward."

  • Cultivation: Practices like meditation, nature immersion, or psychedelics (in controlled contexts) heighten conscious awareness, reducing filters that block serendipity.

Applications and Empirical Support

  • Personal Development: Build a personal "Serendipitome audit" —map your mindset gaps, skill proficiencies, and milieu richness.
  • Organizational: Companies like Google allocate "20% time" for adventurism; 3M fosters sociability via cross-functional teams.
  • Evidence: Studies (e.g., in Network Science) show diverse networks predict innovation; psychological research links openness-to-experience (Big Five trait) with serendipitous outcomes.
  • Access AI and Agentic synthesis.

 

Potential Pitfalls and Balance. 

Watch this: Over-reliance risks "serendipity chasing" burnout or ignoring deliberate planning.

Balance your activity with strategy: Serendipitome as 70% preparation, 30% openness.

In summary, the Serendipitome demystifies and eliminate “luck”; rendering it engineerable. By nurturing expectations, honing skills, and optimizing environments, individuals don't wait for fortune—they design and engineer fortunes’ arrival.

As the Fourth Princes of Serendip exemplified - sagacity turns random events into life destiny.

 

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Tags:  #serendipity #serendipitome  #engineeredserendipity  #guerrillaserendipity  #aristotleonassis  #charlesdarwin  #sagacity  #serendipityskillset  #serendipitymindset

 

Sunday, December 7, 2025

CHARLES DARWIN - A CONCISE LIFE STORY THAT LED US TO THE GALAPAGOS ISLANDS

This essay is a book review and refers to the concise Darwin biography published by Tim M. Berra. Professor Berra is an expert on the life and times of Charles Darwin and his family members. Many heavyweight biographies were published about Charles Darwin, known as the father of the evolution theory who is considered to be one of the most influential persons in the last 200 years.

Professor Berra opens his book by stating that:

“Charles Darwin is among the most influential scientists who ever lived.”

We agree with this statement. The book was published by the Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore. 2009, is titled: Charles Darwin The Concise Story of an Extraordinary Man”.

The book is easy and quick to read. It contains many references to Darwin the man, his youth, family and his work. Berra’s popular lecture titled: “Darwin”, was itself a hit in demand in academic circles. More on the book and rich  iscontents coming down.

With all the hip about Darwin and stories about the Galapagos islands, me and my daughters Hadar and Dafna Lender went on a visit to witness the legendary natural rich and fascinating wildlife and distinctive vegetation that gave Darwin the intellectual  material and vigor to craft the Theory of Evolution.

There are way over sixty notable islands in the archipelago. We stayed in four islands: North Seymour, Baltra (where our arrival airport was), Santa Cruz and Isabela Island. The trip was an amazing experience. I brought back 500 photos.

Here are snapshot oddities of what I saw on the Galapagos Islands.

Santa Cruz Island seen from above. Puerto Ayora in the center.

 

The sea lions are used to humans. He didn’t care.  Just took the bench over, for himself.


This large tortoise in Santa Cruz is… really large. The carapaces are different in each island.


Iguanas on Santa Cruz Island have different colors as a result of… evolution driven by the need to survive.

 

The marine iguanas are blue-gray blending with sea color. Uniquely evolved. A tiny lizard feeds on it.


The terrestrial iguanas evolved yellow-gray to blend with the desert colors.


Dafna and Hadar  next to giant cactuses.

 

Convoluted cactuses.  Typical to the Pacific mixed dry-wet climate. Unique to Galapagos.

 

SallyLightfoot. These distinctive crabs are everywhere on the beaches.


North Seymour Island is known for its unique aviary:  Above are a couple of Blue Footed Boobies.


A pair of Frigatebirds nesting on Seymour island.


A Darwin finch. Darwin counted 13 different species of this little bird.


#                   #                   #

Back to Professor Berra’s biographical literary gem of Charles Darwin.  We are told that the young Darwin (between ages 22-26 years), brought with him from around the world voyage thousands of flora, fauna and other inanimate specimens.  Those served him later, at his home in Downe, as “dots”. Darwin endowed with a formidable intellect and sagacity later connected these “dots” and wove them into the magnificent fabric of Theory of Evolution.

Professor Berra best summarizes Darwin’s theory method. Here it is (with minor word omissions for even better clarity):

“Darwin’s patience and keen powers of observation led to the realization that there is variation in nature. No two individuals are alike in a litter of puppies, school of minnow hatchlings, or members of same species of barnacles or orchids. The germinations of seeds from the same plant yield variable offspring.  Darwin’s genius was to understand that this over-production was related to variation. He eventually came to realization that there is competition for resources in nature and that the variations best adapted to their environment would displace the less favorably endowed individuals.

Since the environment is doing the choosing, he called this process natural selection, as opposed to the artificial selection imposed by breeders.  This resulted in descent with modification. Which was his definition… of evolution. Today we have the benefit of genetic knowledge, which was unknown to Darwin… Descent with modification can be explained as a change in gene frequency that is a change in the proportion of a particular gene variant among all the alternative forms of that gene.  Natural selection is differential reproduction.  In other words, in the same environment, one form leaves more offspring than another form.  The environment is the selecting agent.

Darwin had no knowledge of the source of this variation… change in a gene (mutations).  Today we understand that genetic variation is produced by mutation, sexual reproduction, chromosome re-arrangement, etc.

So to recap: Evolution is descent with modification (change in gene frequency), brought about by natural selection (differential reproduction), acting on the variations produced by mutations and other sources, with the environment doing the selecting.”

(Tim M. Berra: “Charles Darwin, the Concise Story of an Extraordinary Man”. P. 68-69.).


Been there. Done it.

And the rest is history.

This book should be teaching material in high schools.


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Tags: #CharlesDarwin #descentofman #originofspecies  #galapagos  #TimBerra #theoryofevolution #biography #travelwriting #bookreview

Tuesday, December 2, 2025

VISITING THE COURTS OF THE SUN

 It was the end of March and beginning of April 1999 that Chuck Gillen and me went on an unplanned impromptu trip to the Lacandon rain forest.  That is the area of southern Mexico (Chiapas), which hosts the ruins of Palenque, Bonampak and Yaschilan.  We did it with the support service local guides from Palenque which was our base camp. We had the opportunity to sail on the Usumacinta River that serves as the border between Mexico and Guatemala on our way to Yaschilan.

Chuck wearing red shirt at the court in the ruinas of Palenque.


I’m lost in the Lacandon jungle. I felt scared.

The mooring bank of the Usumacinta River at Yaschilan.

We are being escorted by the Mexican federal cops avoiding banditos.

#    #    #

Enters the Renaissance novelist, painter and sculptor, Brian D’Amato who published in 2009 his great fictional historical thriller novel, “In The Courts of The Sun”, that takes place at the Maya era of 664 AD.

Brian D’Amato, is a multifaceted artist whose creative endeavors span various disciplines, including literature, visual arts, and sculpture. In 2009, he made a significant mark on the literary world with the publication of his remarkable fictional historical thriller novel, “In The Courts of The Sun.” This captivating work immerses readers in the rich and intricate world of the Maya civilization, specifically during a pivotal period around the year 664 AD, a time characterized by cultural flourishing and political intrigue.

The novel intricately weaves together historical facts and imaginative storytelling, allowing readers to explore the complexities of Maya society, including its elaborate rituals, social hierarchies, and the interplay between the natural and supernatural realms. D’Amato’s vivid descriptions and meticulous attention to detail transport readers to the heart of the Maya world, where they encounter not only the majestic architecture and vibrant landscapes but also the nuanced relationships among its inhabitants. Through the eyes of his characters, the author delves into themes of power, spirituality, and the human condition, revealing how these elements shaped the lives of the Maya people during this fascinating era.

In “In The Courts of The Sun,” D’Amato crafts a narrative that is both thrilling and thought-provoking, as it challenges readers to consider the complexities of history and the ways in which it informs contemporary life. The intertwining of fiction and historical accuracy serves to enrich the reading experience, prompting reflections on the cyclical nature of civilization and the enduring legacies left by cultures long past. With a blend of suspense, adventure, and philosophical inquiry, Brian D’Amato’s work not only entertains but also educates, making it a significant contribution to the genre of historical fiction.

And it all happens in the locales that we actually visited nine years earlier.  What a serendipitous encounter with a modern multy-talented artist that is Brian D’Amato.



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The novel “In The Courts of The Sun” was published by Dutton,The Penguin Group publishers. NY 2009.


Quietly Flows The Usumacinta.

 

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Tags: #Maya #BrianDamato  #LacandonJungle  #Usumacinta  #Palaenque #Yaschilan #bonampak #bookreview #fiction #creativewriting

 

Tuesday, November 11, 2025

BARUCH LENDER

Baruch Lender (9 January 1913 – 25 February 1994) was an Israeli chess problems composer, recognized for his theoretical contributions to the art of chess problems.1 His most enduring legacy is the invention of a complex strategic theme for two-move problems known as the "Lender Combination," a sophisticated synthesis of pre-existing tactical ideas that cemented his reputation as a profound theorist in the field.  While his work was deeply technical, his life was framed by a broader context of intellectual pursuit.

-      

Baruch Lender

 

Biography and Context in Israeli Chess Composition

Born on January 9, 1913, Baruch Lender was part of a generation of composers who shaped the landscape of chess composition in Israel.  He emerged during what is known as the "Haproblemai Era" (1954–1985), a period of significant growth for the art form in the country, spurred by the popularity of chess columns and specialized publications.  This era was foundational, building upon the earliest roots of Israeli chess composition, which can be traced back to 1924, and setting the stage for Israel's later international successes, including multiple World Chess Solving Championships.

Lender's contemporaries included notable figures such as Josef Goldschmidt, often regarded as the "father of Israeli chess composition," who helped foster an environment where complex strategic ideas could flourish.  Within this vibrant community, Lender's contribution stands out for its focused depth. While the historical record provides extensive details on the careers of other Israeli chess figures—such as Ofer Comay, a World Chess Solving Champion, or Yochanan Afek, a prolific composer and writer—Lender is remembered almost exclusively for his single, named thematic invention.  This suggests that his impact was that of a quiet, deep thinker rather than a public figure or a prolific composer of varied works. His legacy is not defined by volume, but by the intellectual novelty and intricacy of the Lender Combination, an idea so significant that it became his primary identifier in the annals of chess problem history.

Personal details from his daughter's memoirs reveal that Lender was an educated man from a family of higher social standing who, by 1939, was a partner in his father's business.  He was described as a gentle and generous person, known for his calm demeanor and an aversion to pointless arguments—a temperament perhaps well-suited to the patient and logical pursuit of chess problem composition.

The Lender Combination

The Lender Combination is a highly complex theme in two-move chess problems, described as a "sort of mix of Salazar and (pseudo) le Grand" themes.  Its ingenuity lies in its layering of multiple forms of paradox and reciprocity, creating a deep and challenging solving experience. To fully appreciate Lender's invention, it is necessary to first understand its constituent thematic precursors.

Thematic Precursors: The Salazar and le Grand Themes

The intellectual architecture of the Lender Combination rests on two sophisticated themes developed in the 20th century, both of which play with the solver's expectations by reversing the function of moves between different phases of play.

The le Grand Theme

Developed in the 1950s by Dutch brothers Henk and Piet le Grand, this theme involves a paradoxical reciprocal change between a "try" (a near-solution defeated by a single defense) and the "key" (the actual solution).  The formal structure is as follows:

1.    A white try threatens a specific mate, $A$.

2.    A black defense, $x$, defeats the threat but allows a different mate, $B$.

3.    The white key move then threatens mate $B$.

4.    The same black defense, $x$, now defeats this new threat but allows the original mate, $A$.

The core of the theme is a "double paradox": the black defense $x$ appears to both enable and disable each of the white mates, depending on the context of the try or the key.8 This intricate logical reversal makes the theme highly prized among composers.

The Salazar Theme

The Salazar theme is another form of reciprocal change, this time involving the reversal of White's first and second moves against the same black defense.  Its abstract structure is:

1.    A white try, $1. E?$, is met by a black defense, $1...b$, which is followed by the mate $2. F\#$.

2.    The white key move is $1. F!$. When met by the same black defense, $1...b$, it is now followed by the mate $2. E\#$.10

Here, the move that served as the mate in the try phase ($F$) becomes the key move in the solution, and the move that was the try ($E$) becomes the mating move. This theme often involves a strategic shift in how the mate is delivered, for instance, by changing between battery and non-battery play.

Lender's conceptual leap was not merely to use these themes, but to recognize their shared architectural foundation in logical reversal and reciprocity. He understood that these two distinct forms of paradox could be layered upon one another to create a new, more complex structure of strategic misdirection.

Definition and Strategic Structure


       The original Lender Combination 1979.

The Lender Combination synthesizes these elements into a single, cohesive whole. Its abstract formula, as demonstrated in Lender's compositions, can be expressed through the interplay of moves across the problem's virtual (try) and actual (solution) phases.

A generalized structure is:

  • Try: $1. A?$ (threatening $2.B\#$). A defense $1...a$ is met by $2.C\#$.
  • Solution: $1. C!$ (threatening $2.D\#$). The same defense $1...a$ is now met by $2.A\#$.

In this structure, the move $C$, which was a mating move in a variation of the try, becomes the key move of the problem—a clear echo of the Salazar theme. Simultaneously, the move $A$, which was the try itself, becomes the new mating move after the defense $1...a$, reflecting the reciprocal change characteristic of the le Grand theme. The "pseudo" qualifier often used to describe the le Grand element indicates that Lender's application may modify the pure form to fit within this more complex matrix.

Illustrative Masterpiece: UV CSZTV, 1979

The canonical example of the Lender Combination is his problem published in UV CSZTV in 1979, for which he received a 3rd Honorable Mention.1 A detailed analysis reveals the theme's intricate mechanics.

Baruch Lender, UV CSZTV, 1979

3rd Honorable Mention

Mate in 2

The solution unfolds across three phases of play:

1.    Set Play (analyzing potential mates if Black were to move first from the diagram position):

o   $1...Bxd4[a] \quad 2.Qxa6\#$

o   $1...Bc3 \quad 2.Ne3\#[A]$

2.    The Try:

o   The try is $1.d5?$, which threatens $2.Ne3\#[A]$.

o   After the defense $1...Bxd4[a]$, the mate is $2.Qxa6\#$.

o   After $1...Rc3/Bxa3[b]$, the mate is $2.Rg4\#[C]$.

o   However, the try is refuted by the single move $1...Re2!$.

3.    The Solution (Key):

o   The key is $1.Rg4[C]!$, which threatens $2.Qxa6\#$.

o   After the defense $1...Bxd4[a]$, the mate is now $2.Ne3\#[A]$.

o   After the defense $1...Bxa3[b]$, the mate is now $2.d5\#$.

The analysis shows how all the thematic elements converge. The key move, $1.Rg4!$, was a mating move ($C$) in a variation of the try. The try move, $1.d5?$, becomes a mating move ($D$) in a variation of the solution. This mutual exchange of functions between the first and second moves is the Salazar component. Meanwhile, the mates following the thematic defense $1...Bxd4[a]$ are changed between the try phase ($2.Qxa6\#$) and the solution phase ($2.Ne3\#[A]$), demonstrating the reciprocal change at the heart of the le Grand theme.

The following table visually deconstructs this complex interplay.

 

Phase of Play

Threat (Label)

Black's Thematic Defense (Label)

White's Mating Response (Label)

Set Play

-

-

$1...Bxd4 [a]$

$2.Qxa6\#$

-

-

$1...Bc3$

$2.Ne3\# [A]$

Try

$1.d5?$

$2.Ne3\# [A]$

$1...Bxd4 [a]$

$2.Qxa6\#$

$1...Bxa3 [b]$

$2.Rg4\# [C]$

Solution

$1.Rg4! [C]$

$2.Qxa6\#$

$1...Bxd4 [a]$

$2.Ne3\# [A]$

$1...Bxa3 [b]$

$2.d5\#$

 

Family and Personal Life

Beyond his contributions to chess, Baruch Lender was a family man whose children both went on to achieve considerable success in demanding intellectual fields. Their careers and recollections provide a fuller picture of the environment in which Lender pursued his esoteric hobby. Aside from his Chess problems artistic creations he was a successful stock market investor.

Daughter: Professor Minna Rozen

Baruch Lender's daughter, Minna Rozen (b. October 1947), is a distinguished academic and professor emeritus of Jewish History at the University of Haifa.  She is a leading authority on the history of Jews in the Ottoman Empire and the Balkan states, having served as the Director of the Diaspora Research Center at Tel Aviv University from 1992 to 1997.  Her scholarly approach is noted for its interdisciplinary nature and its focus on "grassroots history," which has involved her leading extensive projects to document and digitize tens of thousands of Jewish gravestones and community archives in Turkey and Greece.

In her memoir, Memories from the Pale of Settlement, Rozen offers a warm and insightful portrait of her father. She describes him as "the finest, gentlest, most generous man in the world".  She recalls her fathers as calm and educated nature, noting that he was confident his intellectual abilities would always allow him to provide for his family.  A particularly telling recollection is that her father "never wasted time on arguments that led nowhere and was known in town as someone who could not be engaged in a good quarrel," a description that aligns with the patience required for chess composition.

Son: Dr. Mandy (Menahem) Lender

Baruch Lender's son, Dr. Mandy (Menahem) Lender, also pursued a professional career requiring extensive education. Born in Israel, graduated from the Hebrew University Medical School in Jerusalem in 1970 with an M.D. degree and went to earn an MBA degree from the Dominican University, River Forest IL.   Later he authored the book The Master Attractor.

The high-level professional achievements of both of Lender's children—one a leading historian, the other a physician and author—point to a family environment that valued education and intellectual development.

Legacy and Recognition

Baruch Lender's contributions have been formally recognized and preserved by the chess composition community, ensuring his work remains a subject of study. This posthumous treatment marks his transition from a skilled composer to a canonical figure in the theory of chess problems.

A definitive monograph on his work was published: Lender Combinations - Baruch Lender and His Chess Problems (1996).  The book was compiled by a trio of esteemed Israeli composers—Uri Avner, Paz Einat, and Yoel Aloni—a collaboration that signifies the high regard in which Lender was held by his peers. Published by Variantim in both English and Hebrew, the 176-page volume contains 148 of his problems along with personal notes and commentary, making his specialized work accessible to an international audience.  Such a scholarly codification by leading experts is a formal acknowledgment of a composer's lasting importance.

The monograph Lender Combinations.

His memory is also actively celebrated. On the occasion of his 100th birthday, the 2nd Israel Open Chess Problem Composition Tourney (c. 2013-2014) dedicated its helpmate section to his memory.  This act of communal remembrance ensures that his name and contributions are passed down to a new generation of composers. Together, the scholarly monograph and the centennial tournament demonstrate that the chess problem world has judged Baruch Lender's work to be of enduring theoretical and historical value.

References:

1.    Lender Combinations. Baruch Lender and His Chess Problems. 1996. Uri Avner, Paz Einat, & Yoel Aloni Editors. Variantim Special Publications, The Israel Chess Composition Society (ICCS). Tel Aviv. ISBN 965-338-029-X

2.    https://minnarozen.co.il/whoisminna.html

3.    https://lendercombinations.com

4.    https://mandylender.net

5.    https://www.wfcc.ch/uri-avner-13011941-10062014/

6.    https://www.variantim.org/

7.    https://pazeinat.com

8.    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoel_Aloni